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Balfour Promise... or the Beginning of the Palestinian Arab Nakba

Balfour Promise... or the Beginning of the Palestinian Arab Nakba

By Omayma othmani

Published: November 2, 2023

Today marks 106 years since the infamous "Balfour Declaration," issued by British Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour on November 2, 1917, on behalf of the British government, pledging to establish a "national home for the Jewish people in Palestine."

The declaration came in the form of a letter from Arthur James Balfour to the Jewish Lord Rothschild, one of the founders of the World Zionist Movement, following negotiations said to have lasted three years between the British government on one side, and British Jews and the World Zionist Organization on the other, through which the Zionists managed to convince Britain of their ability to achieve British goals and safeguard its interests in the region.

The government of His Majesty views with favor the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine, and will use its best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights or political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.

On July 6, 1921, the League of Nations announced the British Mandate project over Palestine, which was ratified on July 24, 1922, and came into effect on September 29 of the same year. The drafters of the Mandate document were keen to indicate that it was issued based on the Balfour Declaration.

The Palestine Mandate included a preamble and 28 articles, focusing on preparing the country politically, economically, and administratively in a way that ensures the establishment of a national home for the Jews, and guarantees Britain's commitment to facilitating Jewish immigration and encouraging the settlement of the land, in addition to facilitating their acquisition of British nationality; Hebrew was also granted equal status with Arabic as an official language.

Despite the Palestinian people not surrendering to the British promises and decisions and the practical realities that began to be imposed on the ground by the Zionist movement, having engaged in successive revolts, the most notable being the Buraq Revolt in 1929, followed by the 1936 revolt, the World Zionist Movement and its leaders took this promise as a legal basis to support their demands for the establishment of the so-called Jewish state in Palestine, and to fulfill the Jewish dream of obtaining a pledge from one of the great powers to establish a national home for them.

More than seventy years after the fulfillment of this promise, the Zionist entity established by Britain, and whose continuation has been supported by many Western countries, still lacks the most important pillars of a state, to the extent that Israel itself is convinced that it is an "unnatural state" in a region to which it has no connection.

This infamous anniversary coincides with new Zionist massacres committed against the Palestinians for the 26th consecutive day since October 7, 2023, where the occupying forces continue their aggression on the Gaza Strip, resulting in the martyrdom of more than 8,700, most of them women and children.

Also, parallel to the Zionist bombing of Gaza, the occupation forces are conducting ground operations, but these remain limited to ground incursions, as the Palestinian resistance confronts them.

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